What is Sacroiliitis?
Sacroiliitis is an inflammation of one or both of the sacroiliac joints – the places where the lower spine and pelvis connect. This condition can cause pain in the buttocks, lower back, and may extend down one or both legs. The nature of the pain can vary widely; it might be sharp, stabbing, or dull, and can be aggravated by prolonged standing, stair climbing, or bearing more weight on one leg than the other. Sacroiliitis can be caused by various factors, including traumatic injury, arthritis, pregnancy, or infection.
Physical Therapy for Sacroiliitis
Physical therapy is an essential part of the treatment plan for sacroiliitis, aimed at reducing pain and improving functional mobility. Initial therapy may focus on pain relief strategies, such as applying heat or cold, ultrasound therapy, or electrical stimulation. Gentle stretching exercises are introduced to improve flexibility in the lower back and hips, which can help alleviate pain and reduce stress on the sacroiliac joints. Strengthening exercises, particularly for the core, pelvic, and gluteal muscles, are crucial in providing more stability to the pelvic area and alleviating undue pressure on the sacroiliac joints.
In addition to exercise, manual therapy techniques such as joint mobilization or soft tissue massage may be used to increase mobility and reduce discomfort. Postural training and education about body mechanics are integral to managing sacroiliitis, helping patients to avoid positions and movements that exacerbate pain. Physical therapists also guide patients in developing strategies to manage daily activities more comfortably and may suggest the use of supportive devices like a sacroiliac belt for additional joint support. With a tailored and comprehensive approach, physical therapy can significantly reduce the symptoms of sacroiliitis and improve patients' quality of life.