What is Olecranon Fracture?
An olecranon fracture involves a break in the bony prominence of the elbow, which can significantly impact arm function and mobility. Physical therapy plays a crucial role in the rehabilitation process, whether the treatment approach is surgical or non-surgical, aiming to restore strength, range of motion, and function to the affected arm.
Physical Therapy for Olecranon Fracture
In the initial phase of physical therapy following an olecranon fracture, the focus is on managing pain and swelling while protecting the fracture site. This may involve the use of ice, gentle compression, and modalities such as ultrasound or electrical stimulation. The therapist may also recommend the use of a brace or splint to immobilize the elbow and allow the bone to heal properly.
As the fracture heals, the physical therapist will introduce gentle range-of-motion exercises to prevent stiffness and maintain joint mobility. These exercises are performed within a safe range to avoid putting undue stress on the healing bone. Strengthening exercises are gradually incorporated as the bone's strength improves, starting with isometric exercises and progressing to more dynamic movements involving the muscles around the elbow, forearm, and shoulder.
The final phase of rehabilitation focuses on restoring full strength and function to the arm. This includes exercises that target the entire upper extremity to ensure a balanced recovery and prevent compensatory patterns. For individuals with physically demanding jobs or those who participate in sports, sport-specific or job-specific training is integrated to prepare them for a safe return to their activities. The physical therapist will also provide guidance on injury prevention and techniques to avoid future fractures.
With a comprehensive and individualized physical therapy program, most individuals can achieve a successful recovery from an olecranon fracture and return to their normal activities with full function and strength.