What is Ankylosing Spondylitis?
Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a chronic inflammatory arthritis primarily affecting the spine and sacroiliac joints, leading to pain and stiffness in the back and hips. Over time, the inflammation can lead to new bone formation and potential fusion of the spine, resulting in a decrease in flexibility and posture changes. Early symptoms often include pain and stiffness in the lower back and hips, especially in the morning or after periods of inactivity, and may improve with exercise.
Physical Therapy for Ankylosing Spondylitis
Physical therapy is a key component in managing ankylosing spondylitis, focusing on maintaining spinal mobility, improving posture, and relieving pain. A personalized exercise program is essential, including stretching exercises to preserve the flexibility of the spine and joints. Strengthening exercises, particularly for the core and back muscles, are also crucial to support the spine and improve overall function. Aerobic exercises like walking, swimming, or cycling can be beneficial for overall cardiovascular health and maintaining mobility.
In addition to exercise, patient education and self-management strategies are integral parts of treatment. Patients with AS are often advised on posture correction techniques to counteract the tendency towards a stooped posture. Breathing exercises are also important, as chest expansion can be limited in advanced stages of the disease. Pain management techniques, including the use of heat or cold therapy, may be recommended to alleviate discomfort. Regular physical activity and adherence to the exercise regimen are vital for managing symptoms and slowing the progression of the disease. With a comprehensive approach, physical therapy can significantly enhance the quality of life for individuals with ankylosing spondylitis, helping them maintain mobility and manage pain effectively.