What is Trigger Finger?
Trigger finger, or stenosing tenosynovitis, is a condition characterized by pain, stiffness, and a locking sensation in a finger or thumb. It occurs when the tendon sheath becomes inflamed, hindering the smooth gliding of the tendon. Physical therapy plays a crucial role in the treatment of trigger finger, focusing on reducing inflammation, improving finger mobility, and preventing recurrence.
Physical Therapy for Trigger Finger
The initial phase of physical therapy involves techniques to reduce pain and inflammation. This may include the use of ice, gentle massage, and modalities such as ultrasound or electrical stimulation. The therapist may also recommend a splint to immobilize the affected finger, allowing the tendon sheath to rest and heal. Gentle range-of-motion exercises are introduced to maintain mobility in the finger and prevent stiffness.
As symptoms improve, the rehabilitation program progresses to include more active exercises to improve the flexibility and strength of the finger. Stretching exercises help to lengthen the tendon and reduce the constriction of the tendon sheath. Strengthening exercises for the hand and forearm muscles are gradually incorporated to provide better support for the finger and reduce the strain on the affected tendon.
The final phase of rehabilitation focuses on functional activities and exercises that mimic daily tasks or work-related movements. This ensures a safe and effective return to normal activities without exacerbating symptoms. The physical therapist will also provide education on ergonomic adjustments and techniques to prevent recurrence, such as avoiding repetitive gripping or using tools that minimize strain on the fingers.
With a comprehensive and individualized physical therapy program, most individuals with trigger finger can achieve significant relief from symptoms and return to their normal activities with improved comfort and function.