What is Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome?
Tarsal tunnel syndrome is a condition caused by the compression of the posterior tibial nerve as it passes through the tarsal tunnel on the inner side of the ankle. This compression can lead to symptoms such as pain, tingling, numbness, and burning sensations in the foot and ankle. Common causes include overuse, flat feet, injury, and medical conditions like arthritis and diabetes.
Diagnosis involves a physical examination to assess tenderness and changes in sensation, along with imaging tests like X-rays or MRI to rule out other causes. A nerve conduction study may also be conducted to evaluate the function of the posterior tibial nerve. Treatment options range from conservative measures like rest, ice, and anti-inflammatory medications to orthotic devices that correct foot posture. In severe cases, surgical decompression of the nerve may be necessary.
Physical Therapy for Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome
Physical therapy plays a crucial role in managing tarsal tunnel syndrome, focusing on stretching and strengthening exercises to improve flexibility and reduce tension on the nerve, as well as manual therapy techniques to enhance ankle mobility. Education on activity modification and proper footwear is also provided to prevent further nerve compression. With appropriate treatment and physical therapy, many individuals can find relief from symptoms and regain normal foot function.