What is Scapular Dyskinesis?
Scapular dyskinesis refers to abnormal movement patterns of the scapula (shoulder blade) during shoulder motions. This condition can lead to shoulder pain, reduced range of motion, and impaired function. Physical therapy plays a crucial role in correcting scapular dyskinesis by restoring proper scapular movement and strengthening the surrounding muscles. In this blog post, we will discuss the causes, symptoms, and physical therapy interventions for scapular dyskinesis.
Scapular dyskinesis can be caused by a variety of factors, including muscle imbalances, poor posture, overuse injuries, or trauma. It is often seen in athletes who perform repetitive overhead movements, such as swimmers or baseball pitchers. Symptoms of scapular dyskinesis include visible abnormal scapular movement, shoulder pain, decreased shoulder strength, and limited range of motion. These symptoms can lead to difficulty in performing daily activities and sports.
Physical Therapy for Scapular Dyskinesis
The primary goal of physical therapy for scapular dyskinesis is to restore normal scapular movement and improve shoulder function. Treatment typically begins with a thorough assessment of the patient's posture, scapular movement, and muscle strength. Based on the findings, the physical therapist will develop a personalized treatment plan that may include the following:
- Postural Correction: Educating patients on proper posture and providing exercises to correct postural imbalances can help reduce stress on the shoulder and scapula.
- Stretching Exercises: Tight muscles, such as the pectoralis minor or upper trapezius, can contribute to scapular dyskinesis. Stretching these muscles can help improve scapular movement.
- Scapular Stabilization Exercises: Strengthening exercises targeting the muscles that control scapular movement, such as the serratus anterior, lower trapezius, and rhomboids, are essential for restoring normal scapular motion.
- Neuromuscular Re-education: This involves retraining the muscles and nervous system to coordinate proper scapular movement during shoulder activities.
- Manual Therapy: Techniques such as soft tissue mobilization and joint mobilizations can help alleviate pain and improve mobility.
Scapular dyskinesis can significantly affect shoulder function and lead to discomfort during daily activities and sports. However, with appropriate physical therapy interventions focused on correcting muscle imbalances, improving posture, and strengthening the scapular stabilizers, individuals can achieve better scapular movement and reduce their symptoms. If you are experiencing shoulder pain or suspect scapular dyskinesis, consulting with a physical therapist is a crucial step toward recovery and optimal shoulder function.