What are Sacral Stress Fractures?
Sacral stress fractures are a type of injury commonly seen in athletes, particularly runners, or individuals involved in high-impact sports. They can also occur due to osteoporosis or overuse injuries in the general population. These fractures are characterized by a small crack or severe bruising within the sacrum, the triangular bone at the base of the spine. Symptoms typically include pain in the lower back or buttock area, which may worsen with activity and improve with rest. The pain is often mistaken for other conditions like muscle strain or sciatica.
Physical Therapy for Sacral Stress Fractures
Physical therapy plays a vital role in the recovery from sacral stress fractures. Initially, the focus of therapy is on pain relief and promoting healing. This involves activity modification to reduce stress on the sacrum, allowing the fracture to heal. Modalities such as ice therapy, gentle electrical stimulation, or ultrasound may be used to manage pain and inflammation. Weight-bearing activities are often limited, and patients might require assistive devices like crutches during the initial healing phase.
As the fracture begins to heal, the rehabilitation process becomes more active. Therapists introduce gentle, non-weight-bearing exercises to maintain muscle strength and flexibility without putting stress on the healing bone. These exercises often target the muscles of the lower back, abdomen, and pelvis. As healing progresses, weight-bearing exercises are gradually reintroduced, along with balance and stability training to prepare the patient for a return to normal activities or sports. Throughout the rehabilitation process, physical therapists provide guidance on safe movement and activities, and help patients understand the importance of gradually increasing activity levels to prevent re-injury. With a carefully monitored and progressive approach, physical therapy can significantly aid in the recovery from sacral stress fractures, helping patients regain strength and return to their daily routines.