Pelvic Girdle Pain (including during pregnancy)

What is Pelvic Girdle Pain (including during pregnancy)?

Pelvic girdle pain (PGP) refers to discomfort and pain experienced in the joints and structures of the pelvic region, including the sacroiliac joints, symphysis pubis, and surrounding muscles and ligaments. It is a common condition during pregnancy, affecting up to one in five pregnant women, but it can also occur in non-pregnant individuals due to various reasons such as injury, arthritis, or overuse.

Symptoms of Pelvic Girdle Pain:

- Pain in the front and/or back of the pelvis, which can radiate to the lower back, hips, thighs, or groin

- Difficulty with activities that involve movement of the pelvic joints, such as walking, climbing stairs, or turning in bed

- Pain during or after sexual activity

- Clicking or grinding sensations in the pelvic area

Causes of Pelvic Girdle Pain During Pregnancy:

- Hormonal changes: Relaxin and other hormones increase during pregnancy to allow the pelvic joints to relax and expand for childbirth, but this can also lead to instability and pain.

- Increased pressure: The growing uterus and baby put additional pressure on the pelvic joints and muscles.

- Postural changes: The shifting center of gravity can alter posture and strain the pelvic area.

- Previous pelvic injuries or existing conditions like arthritis.

Physical Therapy for Pelvic Girdle Pain (including during pregnancy)

Physical therapy is an effective treatment for managing PGP, both during and outside of pregnancy. A physical therapist may use a combination of techniques, including:

1. Pelvic Support Devices: Belts or braces can provide additional support to the pelvic joints, reducing pain and improving stability.
2. Manual Therapy: Techniques such as soft tissue mobilization, joint mobilization, and myofascial release can alleviate pain and improve joint function.
3. Exercise Therapy: Tailored exercises to strengthen the pelvic floor, abdominal, and hip muscles can provide better support to the pelvic girdle and improve overall stability.
4. Postural Education: Guidance on maintaining proper posture and body mechanics during daily activities can help prevent strain on the pelvic joints.
5. Pain Management: Modalities like heat, ice, or TENS (Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation) can be used to manage pain.
6. Activity Modification: Recommendations for modifying activities or using assistive devices to minimize pain and strain on the pelvic girdle.

Pelvic girdle pain can significantly impact daily activities and quality of life, especially during pregnancy. Early intervention with physical therapy can help manage symptoms, improve function, and enhance overall well-being. If you are experiencing pelvic girdle pain, consult with a healthcare professional or a specialized physical therapist for a comprehensive evaluation and personalized treatment plan.