What are Flat Feet (Fallen Arches)?
Fallen arches, also known as flat feet, occur when the arches of the feet collapse, resulting in the entire sole of the foot coming into complete or near-complete contact with the ground. This condition can lead to pain, discomfort, and imbalances in the alignment of the feet and legs, potentially affecting overall posture and gait. While some individuals with flat feet may experience no symptoms, others may suffer from foot pain, particularly in the heel or arch area, and experience difficulties with prolonged standing or walking.
Physical Therapy for Flat Feet (Fallen Arches)
Physical therapy plays a vital role in managing fallen arches, particularly for those experiencing discomfort or pain. The primary goals of physical therapy are to alleviate pain, improve foot function, and enhance overall stability and balance. Initial treatment may involve the use of orthotic devices to support the arches and redistribute pressure across the feet. Stretching exercises targeting the Achilles tendon and calf muscles can help reduce tension and improve flexibility, addressing one of the contributing factors to flat feet.
As therapy progresses, strengthening exercises for the muscles in the feet and lower legs are introduced to provide better support for the arches. These may include exercises that focus on the intrinsic muscles of the feet, such as toe curls and arch lifts, as well as exercises for the posterior tibial tendon, which plays a key role in supporting the arch. Additionally, balance and proprioception exercises are incorporated to improve overall foot stability and prevent compensatory movements that can lead to further issues. A physical therapist can provide guidance on appropriate exercises and may also offer advice on footwear and activity modifications to help manage symptoms and prevent the progression of fallen arches.