What are Corns and Calluses?
Corns and calluses are areas of thickened skin that develop as a response to repeated friction, pressure, or irritation. They commonly occur on the feet and toes but can also appear on the hands and fingers. While similar, corns and calluses have distinct characteristics:
Corns: Typically small and circular with a hard center surrounded by inflamed skin. They can be painful when pressed and are often found on non-weight-bearing areas of the foot, such as the tops and sides of toes.
Calluses: Larger than corns, calluses are usually less painful and have a more diffuse area of thickened skin. They often develop on weight-bearing areas of the foot, such as the heel or ball of the foot.
Causes:
- Ill-fitting shoes that create pressure points or friction
- Walking or standing for prolonged periods
- Certain foot deformities, such as bunions or hammertoes
- Activities that repeatedly stress the skin, such as playing a musical instrument or manual labor
Physical Therapy for Corns and Calluses
While physical therapy is not the primary treatment for corns and calluses, it can play a supportive role, particularly in addressing underlying biomechanical issues that contribute to their formation:
- Footwear Advice: A physical therapist can recommend shoes with a proper fit and adequate cushioning to reduce pressure and friction.
- Orthotics: Custom orthotics can help redistribute pressure on the foot, alleviating stress on areas prone to corns and calluses.
- Gait Analysis: Assessing and correcting abnormal walking patterns can reduce undue stress on certain parts of the foot.
- Foot and Ankle Exercises: Strengthening and stretching exercises can improve foot mechanics and reduce the risk of corns and calluses.
- Skin Care Education: Guidance on proper foot hygiene and the use of protective pads or cushions can help prevent the formation of corns and calluses.
Corns and calluses are common foot conditions that result from repeated pressure or friction. While they are typically managed through proper footwear, padding, and skin care, physical therapy can be beneficial in addressing underlying biomechanical issues and preventing recurrence. If you have persistent corns or calluses, consult with a healthcare professional for an appropriate treatment plan.